What general strategies should an organization implement to prevent or mitigate the risk of DoS and DDoS attacks?

General mitigation strategies include implementing robust network perimeter defenses (firewalls, routers with rate limiting), ensuring network redundancy and load balancing to distribute traffic, regularly patching and updating all systems to fix vulnerabilities, maintaining an updated incident response plan, and having sufficient bandwidth provisioned. Partnering with a dedicated DDoS mitigation service or CDN is also a critical proactive step.